New York State Highway Safety Strategic Plan FFY 2008
www.nhtsa.dot.gov/nhtsa/whatsup/SAFETEAweb/FY08HSPs/NYFY08HSP.pdf
[Motorcycle only]
Page 27:
Police Traffic Services:
In FFY 2008, Police Traffic Services program will be
expanded to focus on five additional traffic concerns:
Motorcycle Safety: In the past five years, the
number of registered motorcycles in New York State has increased more than 25
percent and motorcycle license endorsements have increased more than ten
percent. The need for an effective motorcycle enforcement program has become
more critical with the increased motorcycling population and the comparable
increase in motorcycle crashes and fatalities. While motorcycles should be
included in the other STEP components, there are motorcycle-specific initiatives
that need to be addressed including unlicensed/unendorsed operation and the use
of noncompliant helmets.
Pages 40- 47
Motorcycle Safety
Overview
Motorcycles provide a fuel efficient and economic means of
transportation. The popularity of motorcycling for recreation, touring and
commuting continues to grow in New York. There are many more motorcycles and
motorcyclists on New York’s highways than in previous years. Since 1996, the
number of motorcycle registrations has increased by 77 percent; in 2006, the
number of motorcycle registrations reached a new all-time high of 289,096. With
the large increases in the price of gas and steady motorcycle sales, this growth
trend is expected to continue.
Motorcyclists are among the most vulnerable motorists on
the roadways, operating at the same speeds and on the same roads as other
motorists, but without the same protection afforded by other types of motor
vehicles. Unsafe actions, such as impaired driving and operating at unsafe
speeds, contribute to the involvement of motorcyclists in crashes. Often, other
motorists do not see motorcycles and fail to yield to this smaller vehicle.
Another concern is the danger posed by “extreme” motorcycles that can be driven
at very high speeds. In addition, the issue of unlicensed operators continues
to be a concern. For these reasons, the Governor’s Traffic Safety Committee (GTSC)
has identified motorcycle safety as a priority for FFY 2008.
In 1997, New York undertook a major initiative to improve
motorcycle safety by establishing a comprehensive, rider-funded safety program.
The legislated Motorcycle Safety Program (MSP) is intended to address driver
inexperience and lack of training. This program provides instruction and field
training to improve the riding skills of motorcyclists. The program, which is
administered by the Motorcycle Association of New York State (MANYS), now offers
rider education at 20 public training sites and nine military or police
facilities around the state. The program also includes a public information and
education component aimed at heightening awareness of motorcycles among all
motorists. In addition, the GTSC continues its efforts to encourage motorists
to be aware of the presence of motorcycles on the roadways.
Through MANSY, the Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) Basic
Rider Course was delivered to 13,283 students in 2006. Since 1996, 79,865
students have enrolled in the beginner rider training. As an incentive, the NYS
Department of Motor Vehicles waives the motorcycle skills test for licensed
drivers who successfully complete the beginning rider course. IN 2006, 96
percent of the students who sought a skills test waiver qualified for that
benefit.
Starting with FFY 2006, grants to improve motorcyclist
safety have been made available to the states under Section 2010 of SAFETEA-LU.
In 2006, New York qualified under Section 1350.4(f) –Use of fees collected from
motorcyclists for motorcycle programs. No change in that criterion has
occurred. To qualify for funding in FFY 2007, states had to meet two of the six
grant criteria. In 2007, New York qualified by also meeting the criterion under
Section 1350.4(a) – Motorcycle Rider Training Course; a brief overview of New
York’s Motorcycle Safety Program is presented above. The details pertaining to
New York’s Section 2010 application qualifications are included in Appendix C,
along with Section 2010 certifications.
The Section 2010 funds can be used to improve the
motorcycle training curricula, the delivery of the training, the recruitment and
retention of training instructors, or driver awareness of motorcyclists through
PI&E. New York has been using its FFY 2006 and 2007 funds to develop programs
that will augment the MANYS program and to conduct conferences, workshops,
seminars, and other outreach modes that enhance the coordination of programs and
training. These activities which primarily support the training providers and
instructors will promote the hiring and retention of quality staff. Where
opportunities are presented, New York will attempt to expand the network of
providers beyond the MANYS program to reach new geographic areas or supplement
the availability in high demand locations.
In Spring 2003, New York conducted a statewide
observational survey of helmet use by motorcycle operators and passengers. A
total of 765 observations were made. Based on the results of the survey, a
statewide motorcycle helmet usage rate of 98.4% was estimated, with a relative
standard error of 0.65%.
The key results of analyses of motorcycle crash data are
presented below:
- Motorcycle crashes decreased considerably during the
mid-1990s. However, the number of motorcycle crashes has been increasing in
recent years. This increase can be attributed in part to the increase in
registrations and the continued growth in the popularity of motorcycling. The
number of motorcycle crashes increased from 3,534 in 1997 to 4,848 in 2001,
followed by a decline to 4,269 in 2002. Since 2002, the number of motorcycle
crashes has been on an upward trend increasing to 4,284 in 2003, 4,509 in 2004
and 4,893 in 2005.
- Over the past ten years, the number of motorcycle
registrations increased steadily from approximately 178,000 to over 289,000 in
2006. Over this same time period, fatal motorcycle crashes increased from 115
to 188. Between 2004 and 2006, fatal crashes increased by 31%; in 2006, the
fatal crash rate per 1,000 motorcycle registrations was 0.65, the highest rate
since 2001.
- Although motorcycles comprised 3% of the registered
vehicles in New York State in 2006, they were involved in 14% of the fatal
crashes. In 2006, motorcycles were involved in 188 fatal crashes, with 190
motorcyclists being killed.
- Personal injury motorcycle crashes have been on an
upward trend since 2003, increasing to 4,515 in 2005. Over this time period,
motorcycle non-fatal injury crashes also made up an increasing proportion of
all non-fatal injury crashes, increasing from approximately 2% in 2003 to 3%
in 2005.
- Of the contributing factors cited in police-reported
motorcycle crashes in 2005, “unsafe speed” was the most common factor noted
(17%).
- In 2005, the largest proportion of motorcycle crashes
occurred on municipal streets (34%) followed by state routes (29%). Fatal
motorcycle crashes were also most likely to occur on these two types of
roadways but the order was reversed; the largest proportion of fatal
motorcycle crashes in 2005 occurred on state routes (34%), followed by
municipal streets (25%).
- 47% of motorcycle crashes in 2005 occurred between 3 pm
and 9pm and 37% occurred on weekends.
- Young motorcycle operators continue to be
overrepresented in fatal and personal injury motorcycle crashes. In 2005, 8%
of the motorcyclists involved in fatal and personal injury crashes were under
21 years of age, but less than 1% of the licensed operators are in this age
group; 29% of motorcyclists involved in fatal and personal injury crashes were
21-29 years of age, but only 7% of the licensed operators between the ages of
21 and 29.
- Six out of ten licensed motorcyclists (59%) are 40 to 59
years of age, but approximately one-third (35%) of the motorcycle operators
involved in fatal and personal injury crashes in 2005 were in this age group.
Performance Goals and Measures
Long-term Performance Goals
- Reduce the number of motorcycle crashes from 4,892 in
2005 to 4,000 in 2012.
- Reduce the number of motorcycle fatalities from 190 in
2006 to 130 in 2012.
Short-term Performance Goals
- Reduce the number of motorcycle crashes from 4,892 in
2005 to 4,300 in 2008.
- Reduce the number of motorcycle fatalities from 190 in
2006 to 148 in 2008.
Performance Measures
- Number of motorcycle crashes
- Number of motorcycle fatalities
Performance Objectives and Measures
Performance Objectives
- Continue support for the expansion of motorcycle rider
education opportunities in 2008, including an Experienced Rider Course.
- Establish at least three new training sites in 2008.
- Increase motorist awareness of motorcycles
- Conduct research in 2008 on unsafe behaviors of
motorcyclists.
Performance Measures
- Number of motorcycle operators trained and licensed
- Number of training sites
- Report on unlicensed motorcycle operators
- Preliminary report on unsafe motorcyclists behaviors
Strategies
Public Information and Education (PI&E)
- Motorcycle Intervention and Education: The nature and
operation of motorcycles make them more susceptible to crashes than other
types of vehicles when the operator uses alcohol. The operator is also more
likely to suffer serious injury or death in a crash than are drivers of other
types of vehicles. Educational materials that bring this increased risk to
the attention of motorcyclists are needed and new channels for their
distribution should continue to be developed.
- Motorcycle Safety Education: New motorcyclists will be
encouraged to complete a motorcycle safety education course and to become
licensed operators. The 1997 legislation which established the Motorcycle
Safety Program will continue to foster the statewide availability of rider
education programs and to increase the number of sites providing training
based on criteria established by the MSF. A portion of the motorcycle license
and registration fees is set aside to fund this initiative. The public will
be informed of the benefits, availability, and location of motorcycle rider
education courses throughout the state. Experienced Rider Course (ERC)
programs will continue to be offered as well. Future courses will also be
conducted to train new instructors (RiderCoaches) for the Motorcycle Safety
Program.
- Public Awareness of Motorcycle Safety: Additional
efforts are needed to increase awareness and educate the general driving
population about motorcycle safety issues. These efforts include New York’s
participation in the national initiative recognizing May as “Motorcycle
Awareness and You” Month, PI&E campaigns, and PSAs and educational materials
designed to heighten the awareness of the motoring public regarding the
special safety needs of motorcyclists.
- Expand Network of Rider Programs: Where opportunities
are presented, New York will attempt to expand the network of providers beyond
the MANYS program to reach new geographic areas to supplement the availability
in high demand locations.
- Program Quality: Maintaining the quality of the
instructor cadre with new skills, information and motivation is a challenge in
every program. To maintain a high quality program, New York will use a
variety of outreach modes to improve the availability of training for
providers and instructors and to aid in the retention of qualified
instructors.
Research and Evaluation
Research and evaluation efforts may be undertaken to
identify trends and potential new problem areas and to assist in defining future
program direction and potential countermeasures.
- Alcohol-Involvement in Motorcycle Crashes: Additional
research is needed to better identify the extent of impaired driving among
motorcyclists and its role as a contributing factor in crashes.
- Pocket Bikes and Extreme Motorcycles: The use of pocket
bikes and high-speed “extreme” motorcycles are two emerging issues that
warrant more research to determine their impact on motorcycle safety. Pocket
bikes are “mini-motorcycles” intended for use by persons 12 years of age and
above. “Extreme” motorcycles can be driven at high speeds posing a
significant danger to the motorcyclist, other motorists, and pedestrians.
Police pursuit of these motorcyclists often is not possible because of the
additional threat to public safety.
- Unlicensed Motorcycle Operators: While preliminary
research indicates that many motorcyclists involved in crashes are not
properly licensed, the extent of the unlicensed motorcyclist problem has not
been determined. Research is needed to quantify the problems and identify the
reasons motorcyclists do not obtain licenses. Issues related to the current
motorcycle permit procedures should also be examined.
- Characteristics of Motorcycle Operators: In order to
design effective countermeasures and public information and education
campaigns, it is necessary to identify target groups and examine factors
associated with the risk of involvement in crashes, including exposure,
experience operating a motorcycle, training, and the use of protective gear.
Fiscal Year 2008 HSSP
Proposed Program Strategy Funded Allocations
Motorcycle Safety
Public Information and Education (PI&E)
- Motorcyclist Intervention and Education………. $100,000
- Motorcycle Safety Education…………………... $250,000
- Public Awareness of Motorcycle Safety……….. $250,000
- Expand Network of Rider Programs…………… $100,000
- Program Quality…………………………………$100,000
Research and Evaluation
- Alcohol -Involvement in Motorcycle Crashes…. $100,000
- Pocket Bikes and Extreme Motorcycles………… $50,000
- Unlicensed Motorcycle Operators……………….$100,000
- Characteristics of Motorcycle Operators ……….. $50,000